Post written by Mahdi Shamali, PhD, from Copenhagen University Hospital–Herlev and Gentofte, Copenhagen, Denmark.

This study explored an innovative approach using virtual reality (VR) as a nonpharmacologic tool to manage pain, anxiety, and discomfort during colonoscopies. Colonoscopy procedures often induce stress and discomfort, affecting patient willingness to complete the procedure and comply with follow-ups. Our research tested the clinical effectiveness and implementation feasibility of VR, assessing patient outcomes and challenges involved in introducing this technology in real-world settings.

Colonoscopy is essential for diagnosing and monitoring colorectal conditions. Yet, high-discomfort levels often lead to incomplete procedures or avoidance of follow-ups. Traditional sedation has drawbacks, including potential side effects, delayed recovery, and increased healthcare costs. VR, as a distraction-based, noninvasive intervention, offers a promising alternative by minimizing the need for sedatives and enhancing patient experience.

Results showed significant improvements in the VR group compared with controls. Patients using VR reported less pain and discomfort, required less medication, and expressed higher satisfaction. This study uniquely applied the reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation, and maintenance (RE-AIM) framework to assess the effectiveness of VR as well as practical barriers and facilitators to implementation. Major challenges included the need for high-quality, varied VR content and clear protocols for staff.

Our findings suggest that VR could be a viable alternative to traditional sedation, potentially increasing patient comfort and compliance in routine colonoscopy screenings. However, further research is needed to optimize VR content and streamline integration into clinical workflows. Future studies also could explore patient preferences for VR experiences and identify ideal target groups for this intervention.

Graphical abstract

Read the full article online.

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